Channel 09 · Source register
BPC-157 References: Every Cited Study and Primary Source
The full reference register behind this console — peer-reviewed BPC-157 studies with PubMed and DOI identifiers, the 2024-2026 reviews and human pilots, and the FDA primary sources behind the legal-status page.
How this register is organized
These BPC-157 references are the complete citation set used across this console, each one resolvable to a primary source. The peptide studies carry PubMed IDs and DOIs; the regulatory sources are FDA.gov pages and one secondary legal analysis. Where the console states a number — a dose, a half-life, an inhibition ratio, a category — it maps to an entry here.
The register reflects the shape of the evidence itself: a deep preclinical core, a 2024-2026 layer of reviews and the first human pilots, and a regulatory block for the legal-status page. The full list follows.
- Staresinic M, et al. Gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 accelerates healing of transected rat Achilles tendon and in vitro stimulates tendocytes growth. J Orthop Res. 2003;21(6):976-983. ↗
- He L, et al. Pharmacokinetics, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of body-protective compound 157, a potential drug for treating various wounds, in rats and dogs. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:1026182. ↗
- Hsieh MJ, et al. Therapeutic potential of pro-angiogenic BPC157 is associated with VEGFR2 activation and up-regulation. J Mol Med (Berl). 2017;95(3):323-333. ↗
- Xue XC, et al. Protective effects of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on gastric ulcer in rats. World J Gastroenterol. 2004;10(7):1032-1037. ↗
- Chang CH, et al. The promoting effect of pentadecapeptide BPC 157 on tendon healing involves tendon outgrowth, cell survival, and cell migration. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2011;110(3):774-780. ↗
- Chang CH, et al. Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 enhances the growth hormone receptor expression in tendon fibroblasts. Molecules. 2014;19(11):19066-19077. ↗
- Gjurasin M, et al. Peptide therapy with pentadecapeptide BPC 157 in traumatic nerve injury. Regul Pept. 2010;160(1-3):33-41. ↗
- Sikiric P, et al. Brain-gut Axis and Pentadecapeptide BPC 157: Theoretical and Practical Implications. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2016;14(8):857-865. ↗
- Hsieh MJ, et al. Modulatory effects of BPC 157 on vasomotor tone and the activation of Src-Caveolin-1-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):17078. ↗
- Lee E, Padgett B. Intra-Articular Injection of BPC 157 for Multiple Types of Knee Pain. Altern Ther Health Med. 2021. ↗
- Lee E, Walker C, Ayadi B. Effect of BPC-157 on Symptoms in Patients with Interstitial Cystitis: A Pilot Study. Altern Ther Health Med. 2024. ↗
- McGuire FP, et al. Regeneration or Risk? A Narrative Review of BPC-157 for Musculoskeletal Healing. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2025. ↗
- Sikiric P, et al. The Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Pleiotropic Beneficial Activity and Its Possible Relations with Neurotransmitter Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024;17(4):461. ↗
- Lee E, Burgess K. Safety of Intravenous Infusion of BPC157 in Humans: A Pilot Study. Altern Ther Health Med. 2025. ↗
- Tracheocutaneous Fistula Resolved by Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Therapy Through the NO-System. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2026;19(1):145. ↗
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Certain Bulk Drug Substances for Use in Compounding That May Present Significant Safety Risks (BPC-157 entry; list update effective September 29, 2023). ↗
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Bulk Drug Substances Used in Compounding Under Section 503A of the FD&C Act (Category 1 and Category 2 definitions; enforcement-discretion policy). ↗
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Interim Policy on Compounding Using Bulk Drug Substances Under Section 503A of the FD&C Act (guidance; bulks-list nomination and PCAC framework). ↗
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. July 23-24, 2026: Meeting of the Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee (agenda listing BPC-157, KPV, TB-500, and MOTs-C as substances being considered for inclusion on the 503A Bulks List). ↗
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Compounding and the FDA: Questions and Answers (503A patient-specific compounding and 503B outsourcing-facility pathway; ingredient-eligibility requirements). ↗
- McDermott Will & Emery. End of an Era: FDA Retires 2017 Interim Policies for Bulk Drug Lists (legal analysis of the January 7, 2025 FDA action). ↗
- World Anti-Doping Agency. The Prohibited List (BPC-157 falls under the S0 non-approved-substances category, prohibited at all times in sport). ↗